We estimate impacts on earnings and employment of the two primary adult workforce support and training programs under the U.S. Workforce Investment Act (WIA) using administrative data on 160,000 participants from 12 states for up to four years following program entry. We find that participants...

This paper documents historical unemployment trends by gender, race, and ethnicity, and examines the role of the industrial and occupational composition of employment in explaining recent trends. We show that the labor force proportions of women, non-Whites, and Hispanics have increased...

We suggest that firms in a local labour market may be able to exploit worker mobility costs and offer immobile workers wages that are lower than their marginal product. If so, the ability of employers to exploit worker immobility in setting wages would decline in the competitiveness of the local...