respondents to answer on an individual basis, this language needs to be explicitly stated. …

The paper proposes a general model that will encompass trade and social benefits of a common language, a preference for … a variety of languages, the fundamental role of translators, an emo-tional attachment to maternal language, and the … considers minor-ities to suffer losses from the subordinate status of their language. In addition, the model treats the threat …

We construct new series for common native language and common spoken language for 195 countries, which we use together … with series for common official language and linguis-tic proximity in order to draw inferences about (1) the aggregate … dummy variable for common language, resting on official language, would say. In addition, ease of communication is far more …

We construct new series for common native language and common spoken language for 195 countries, which we use together … with series for common official language and linguis-tic proximity in order to draw inferences about (1) the aggregate … dummy variable for common language, resting on official language, would say. In addition, ease of communication is far more …

The paper proposes a general model that will encompass trade and social benefits of a common language, a preference for … a variety of languages, the fundamental role of translators, an emotional attachment to maternal language, and the … considers minorities to suffer losses from the subordinate status of their language. In addition, the model treats the threat to …