Contracting with private landholders for labor towards production of environmental services (payment for actions) or … the environmental services themselves (payment for outcomes) is reliant on the environmental organization’s ability to … monitor and assess the environmental outcomes provided. Inaccurate and costly assessment reduces the cost effectiveness of the …

decreases profits and increases financial risk, but generates social capital which can be drawn upon during periods of economic … discounts, and social capital. Results delineate financial risks involved and value of social capital. …