Die Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung (ARL) ist eine Einrichtung mit besonderen Funktionen. Im Unterschied zu einem herkömmlichen Forschungsinstitut bündelt die ARL Kompetenzen auf dem Gebiet der Raumforschung und Raumentwicklung in einem Netzwerk. Dieses Netzwerk besteht aus...

Die Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung (ARL) ist eine Einrichtung mit besonderen Funktionen. Im Unterschied zu einem herkömmlichen Forschungsinstitut bündelt die ARL Kompetenzen auf dem Gebiet der Raumforschung und Raumentwicklung in einem Netzwerk, das aus Wissenschaftlern und...

This toolkit aims to help World Bank task teams working on energy subsidy and tariff reforms to develop qualitative analysis tools. The tools that are described in this document can help task teams to better understand and address social and political challenges related to these reforms,...

The cost of energy in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, as elsewhere, is an important policy issue, as shown by the concerns for energy affordability during the past harsh winter. Governments try to moderate the burden of energy expenditures that is experienced by households through subsidies to...

Since February 2022, geopolitical events have made clear Europe's need to diversify its energy sources and avoid excessive dependence on fossil fuel imports. The drop in Russian natural gas flows to Europe in 2022 marked the single largest supply shock in the history of global gas markets. It...

This companion piece to the Fall 2022 ECA Economic Update provides an overview of the policy options available to countries to respond to the energy price shock and examines how this crisis could harness the clean energy transition to enhance collective energy security. The options to support...

This companion piece to the Fall 2022 ECA Economic Update provides an overview of the policy options available to countries to respond to the energy price shock and examines how this crisis could harness the clean energy transition to enhance collective energy security. The options to support...