competition on R&D according to the cost of the innovation. The effect of competition on R&D is an inverted U-shape. However, the … shape is flatter and competition policy is therefore less relevant for innovation when innovations are relatively costly … competition policy is not an appropriate tool for boosting the research effort of firms. …

Advertising and innovation are two engines for firms to escape competition through a better attraction power toward …, more competition pushes Neck and Neck firms to advertise more to attract a larger share of consumers on their products or …