developing world, namely the likelihood of continued childbearing given the gender composition of existing children in the family … that latent son preference in childbearing is more likely to manifest itself when fertility levels are low. As a result of … wellbeing if there are quantity-quality trade-offs that result in fewer material and emotional resources allocated to children …

? The answer to this question has important implications for public policy. If shocks reduce investments in children, they …

decision-makers on the optimal design of policies to help reduce premature deaths and illness in children under five years of … age. To protect the health, development, and wellbeing of young children, decision-makers must identify and reduce … advance the understanding of what those risk factors are, when and how to reduce children's exposure to them, and how to …