divergence are associated with faster subsequent rates of convergence to the frontier. In this paper, we construct and …

". This was followed by the "failed new turn" during the interwar years: not only were the beginnings of convergence blocked …. The second turning point, in the twenty years after the World War, produced the first substantial, lasting convergence … was in the mid-1970s, when convergence was abruptly halted and a protracted period of immobility in the disparity began. …