activities have affected banks� productivity in the period 1994-2004, differentiating between technical change, efficiency … change and scale economies. We find that privatized banks experienced a significant increase in productivity, especially if … they subsequently merged with other banks. German banks were still able to increase their productivity through …

In this paper we estimate the long-run relationship between regional total factor productivity, R&D, human capital and …-run equilibrium between productivity level and the three kinds of capital; among them, human capital turns out to have the strongest … impact on productivity. Regional productivity is found also to be positively affected by R&D activity and public …

information sources include two Bank of Italy surveys carried out in 2007 on local public water authorities and local water …

the dynamics of labor productivity (value added per worker, a synthetic measure of capital deepening, labor quality and … total factor productivity) and of employment. We find that the ongoing slowdown in EMEs is largely structural, but there is …-sector productivity improvements. The scope for further reform and reform priorities differs across countries. In the longer run other …