solving. Italian students performed better in the CBA than in the paper-based assessment (PBA). This was not due to any … seems to be that Italian students are less determined in their approach to paper-based tests, during which they often fail … to read all the questions and have trouble in finishing in the allotted time. Furthermore, this study finds that students …

in follow-on coursework of students who are randomly assigned to teachers in each of their compulsory courses. We find …, teachers who are associated with better subsequent performance receive worse evaluations from their students. We rationalize … improve future outcomes. Hence, if students are short-sighted and give better evaluations to teachers from whom they derive …

measurement errors � which require the exclusion of schools with too few students tested � and taking into account the …