Mercantile Registry and the Bank of Spain Credit Registry (CIR) to classify firms according to their number of banking relations … importance of such groups in a European country. We control for reverse causality by treating bank relationships as endogenous …

case of large banks in the European context) for bank dynamics in complying with the new standards and for the long …-term effects on bank lending rates and the demand for bank credit. The analysis combines econometric estimations of the … the demand for bank credit, based on a parameterised model of the Spanish banking industry. We find that the gap between …