This paper applies the causality test in the frequency domain, developed by Breitung and Candelon (2006), to analyze whether sunspot numbers cause global temperatures, using monthly data covering the time period 1880:1-2013:9. While, standard time domain Granger causality test fails to reject...

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the causal relationship between knowledge (research output) and economic growth in US over 1981 to 2011. To overcome the issues of ignoring possible instability and hence, falsely assuming a constant relationship through the years, we use...

This paper applies several causality tests to analyze whether sunspot numbers (used as an approximate proxy for the solar activity) cause global temperatures, using monthly data covering the time period 1880:1-2013:9. Both parametric and non-parametric causality tests are performed, which...