Operational Risk (OR) results from endogenous and exogenous risk factors, as diverse and complex to assess as human resources and technology, which may not be properly measured using traditional quantitative approaches. Engineering has faced the same challenges when designing practical solutions...

Despite various payment innovations, today, cash is still heavily used to pay for low-value purchases. This paper develops a simulation model to test whether standard implications of the theory on cash management and payment choices can explain the use of payment instruments by transaction size....

Este documento analiza la eficiencia (técnica, de escala, de costos y asignativa) del sistema bancario colombiano entre 2000-2012, utilizando la metodología DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). Ésta se basa en funciones de producción individuales de las entidades que componen el sistema,...

If theory-consistent models can ever hope to forecast well and to be useful for policy, they have to relate to data which though rich in information is uncertain, unbalanced and sometimes forecasts from external sources about the future path of other variables. One example from many is financial...

En este artículo se propone un método numérico para la calibración de un modelo de equilibrio general dinámico y estocástico (DSGE). Esencialmente, éste consiste en utilizar un algoritmo híbrido de optimización, primero para encontrar un estado estacionario del modelo, y luego para...

There is now an impetus to apply dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models to forecasting. But these models typically rely on purpose-built data, for example on tradable and nontradable sector outputs. How then do we know that the model will forecast well, in advance? We develop an early...

Despite foreign reserves’ strategic asset allocation relies mainly on Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT), the unique characteristics of central banks obliges them to articulate and reconcile typical optimization procedures with reserves’ management objectives such as providing confidence...

The most recent financial crisis unveiled that liquidity risk is far more important and intricate than regulation have conceived. The shift from bank-based to market-based financial systems and from Deferred Net Systems to liquidity-demanding Real-Time Gross Settlement of payments explains some...

En Jara, Gómez, Pardo (2005) se concluye que los portafolios de los fondos de pensiones obligatorias son financieramente ineficientes. Esta ineficiencia puede reducir el ahorro pensional y suele estar acompañada de rebalanceos frecuentes, lo cual puede afectar el normal funcionamiento de los...

Es natural pensar que el futuro pensionado prefiere que su ahorro sea invertido eficientemente; es decir, sin tomar riesgos que no generen retornos adicionales. Sin embargo, no es claro que las AFP est´en incentivadas a invertir en portafolios eficientes. En el caso colombiano, elementos como la...