Macroeconomists have traditionally ignored the behavior of temporary price markdowns (“sales”) by retailers. Although … sales are common in the micro price data, they are assumed to be unrelated to macroeconomic phenomena and generally filtered … out. We challenge this view. First, using the 1996–2012 data set of the U.K. CPI monthly price quotes, we document a …

importance of real wage rigidities in the data and the extent to which such models provide useful information regarding price … reasonable ranges for estimates of average frequency of price changes and some evidence for rigidity in real wages (as measured …

to non-linear pricing and non-price instruments. These instruments or contracts are referred to as vertical restraints … and can take the form of franchise fees, resale-price maintenance, exclusive dealing, exclusive territories, and slotting … industrial organization literature on retail pricing and shows that vertical restraint instruments have important effects on …

' price-setting behaviour; they also analyze the micro foundations for the firms' pricing behaviour using count data and … frequently recognized sticky-price theories are customer relations, cost-based pricing, and coordination failure. The authors … inflation low and stable. The authors use the Bank of Canada's 2002-03 price-setting survey data to investigate Canadian firms …

. In particular, the Bank of Canada's regional offices surveyed 170 Canadian firms for their views on price dynamics. The … authors find that the most important motivators of price changes are price changes by competitors, changes in domestic input …

indexed to the nominal price and, as a result, their investment is more sensitive to nominal price shocks. We also find that … the overall degree of nominal indexation increases with the uncertainty of the price level. An implication of this is that … economies with higher price-level uncertainty are less vulnerable to a price shock of a given magnitude, that is, aggregate …

sticky price model, two stylized facts can be explained: the modestly procyclical real wage response to a monetary policy …