Economic performance has been much better than expected, in part due to the authorities' forceful policy response. Nevertheless, Brazil's long-standing challenges of low growth, high debt, and elevated levels of poverty and inequality have been exacerbated by the pandemic. Tragically, more than...

This paper discusses key issues and policies for the Rwandan economy. Economic growth in Rwanda has been stronger than expected in 2015. However, growth prospects in 2016 appear gloomy. For example, mining exports have been almost halved in recent months due to low price and low demand. The...