presence of foreign lenders raises competition, reduces domestic lenders profits and hence reduces domestic lenders capital … supply (competition effect). Two different cases are then possible. If foreign lenders are able, in spite of the collateral … competition on the capital market), then the economy benefits at the steady state both from a large capital supply and a low cost …

differentiation and imperfect competition in the banking sector. Macroeconomic shocks affect the return on capital and, together with …

potential and, in particular when it comes to lack of risk capital, their innovation and R&D activity. Against this background … bank credit for SMEs, the consequences of Basel II on credit risk analysis and SMEs' possible strategic replies were …

requirements, borrow and deposit funds at a central bank. It shows that in the presence of fragmentation, excess liquidity arises … endogenously and the interbank rate declines below the central bank main rate. The interbank rate is then unstable. The paper …