In this Short-term Toxicity Test on Fish Embryo and Sac-Fry Stages, the life stages from the newly fertilized egg to the end of the sac-fry stage are exposed. The embryo and sac-fry stages of fish are exposed to five concentrations of the test substance dissolved in water. A choice, depending on...

The test method described in this Test Guideline, is intended to define the lethal and sub-lethal effects of chemicals on the early life stages of the species tested. The early-life stages of fish are exposed to ,at least, five concentrations of the test substance dissolved in water, preferably...

The test method described in this Test Guideline, is intended to define the lethal and sub-lethal effects of chemicals on the early life stages of the species tested. The early-life stages of fish are exposed to five concentrations of the test substance dissolved in water, preferably under...

How can governments reduce workforce costs while ensuring civil servants remain engaged and productive? This report addresses this question, using evidence from the 2014 OECD Survey on Managing Budgeting Constraints: Implications for HRM and Employment in Central Public Administration. The...

At its meeting in May 2003, the Ministerial Council asked the OECD to analyse the contribution made by the services sector to employment growth, productivity and innovation, and to identify factors, institutions and policies that could enhance the growth prospects of this sector. In response to...

The OECD Measuring Productivity Manual is the first comprehensive guide to the various productivity measures aimed at statisticians, researchers and analysts involved in constructing industry-level productivity indicators. This Manual presents the theoretical foundations to productivity...

Drawing on the OECD’s expertise in comparing country experiences and identifying best practices, this book tailors the OECD’s policy advice to the specific and timely priorities of Italy, focusing on how its government can make reform happen.