Parties has important implications for both the effectiveness and the efficiency of future climate policies. Among these … implications, those related with technical change and with the functioning of the international market for carbon emissions are … countries in the short and in the long run. This Paper analyses the consequences of the US decision to withdraw from the Kyoto …

and in actual policymaking, is to link negotiations on climate change control with decisions concerning international R … reduced emission abatement in the US, but also the spillover effects on technology and countries’ relative bargaining power …&D cooperation. This Paper explores this idea by analysing on the one hand the incentives for EU, Japan and Russia to adopt this …