This paper presents new regional GDP estimates for the Habsburg Monarchy and constructs measures of market potential for its 22 major regions. The paper argues that regional income differentials were significantly larger, that intra-empire catching-up of poor with rich regions was far more...

Research into the origins of economic growth in the late nineteenth century Habsburg Empire has so far suffered from a lack of evidence on the evolution of the capital stock. As a first step towards a more comprehensive documentation of the role played by factor inputs in the Habsburg growth...

Much of the literature on economic change in the post-1945 world is permeated by two ideas: the temporal convergence of per capita incomes across economies and the spatial advance of free trade. For many economists and historians the two are linked: the reduction of trade barriers in the...