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Specialty drug prices and utilization after loss of U.S. patent exclusivity, 2001-2007

Conti, Rena M.; Berndt, Ernst R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

estimated prices of these drug undergoing LOE fall with generic entry. Second, we estimate reduced form random effects models of … utilization subsequent to LOE. We observe substantial price erosion after generic entry; average monthly price declines appear to … entry, but this result appears to be largely driven by oral drugs. We discuss second-best welfare consequences of these …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950850

Pricing and Reimbursement in U.S. Pharmaceutical Markets

Berndt, Ernst R.; Newhouse, Joseph P. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

comment on very recent developments concerning the entry of large retailers such as Wal-Mart into domains traditionally …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008531891

The Effect of FDA Advisories on Branded Pharmaceutical Firms' Valuations and Promotion Efforts

Conti, Rena M.; Huskamp, Haiden A.; Berndt, Ernst R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) expends considerable efforts in regulating medications approved for use. Yet the impact of medication labeling changes on brand pharmaceutical products, and whether and what firms do to respond to increased information regarding the safety and efficacy...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009325511

Brand Loyalty, Generic Entry and Price Competition in Pharmaceuticals in the Quarter Century After the 1984 Waxman-Hatch Legislation

Berndt, Ernst R.; Aitken, Murray L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

following initial generic entry and by 24 months to 65, in 2009 the comparable generic price indexes are 68 and 27, respectively … patent has expired. Across all nine therapeutic areas, at 24 months post-generic entry, the weighted mean reduction in …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008682661

Election Fairness and Government Legitimacy in Afghanistan

Berman, Eli; Callen, Michael J.; Gibson, Clark; Long, … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

International development agencies invest heavily in institution building in fragile states, including expensive interventions to support democratic elections. Yet little evidence exists on whether elections enhance the domestic legitimacy of governments. Using the random assignment of an...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010821739

Modest, Secure and Informed: Successful Development in Conflict Zones

Berman, Eli; Felter, Joseph; Shapiro, Jacob N.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

Most interpretations of prevalent counterinsurgency theory imply that increasing government services will reduce rebel violence. Empirically, however, development programs and economic activity sometimes yield increased violence. Using new panel data on development spending in Iraq, we show that...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010821767

Predation, Taxation, Investment and Violence: Evidence from the Philippines

Berman, Eli; Felter, Joseph; Kapstein, Ethan; Troland, Erin - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

This paper explores the relationship between investment and political violence through several possible mechanisms. Investment as a predictor of future violence implies that low private sector investment today provides a robust indicator of high violence tomorrow. "Rent-capture" or predation...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951034

From Empty Pews to Empty Cradles: Fertility Decline Among European Catholics

Berman, Eli; Iannaccone, Laurence R.; Ragusa, Giuseppe - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012

Catholic countries of Europe pose a demographic puzzle -fertility is unprecedentedly low (total fertility=1.3) despite low female labor force participation. We model three channels of religious effects on demand for children: through changing norms, reduced market wages, and reduced costs of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951461

Religion, Terrorism and Public Goods: Testing the Club Model

Berman, Eli; Laitin, David D. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

Can rational choice modeling explain why Hamas, Taliban, Hezbollah and other radical religious rebels are so lethal? The literature rejects theological explanations. We propose a club framework, which emphasizes the function of voluntary religious organizations as efficient providers of local...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005089125

Hamas, Taliban and the Jewish Underground: An Economist's View of Radical Religious Militias

Berman, Eli - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

Can rational choice modeling explain destructive behavior among the Taliban, Hama and other radical religious militias? This paper proposes a club good framework which emphasizes the function of voluntary religious organizations as efficient providers of local public goods in the absence of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005774419