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Specialty drug prices and utilization after loss of U.S. patent exclusivity, 2001-2007

Conti, Rena M.; Berndt, Ernst R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2014

estimated prices of these drug undergoing LOE fall with generic entry. Second, we estimate reduced form random effects models of … utilization subsequent to LOE. We observe substantial price erosion after generic entry; average monthly price declines appear to … entry, but this result appears to be largely driven by oral drugs. We discuss second-best welfare consequences of these …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010950850

The Effect of FDA Advisories on Branded Pharmaceutical Firms' Valuations and Promotion Efforts

Conti, Rena M.; Huskamp, Haiden A.; Berndt, Ernst R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2011

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) expends considerable efforts in regulating medications approved for use. Yet the impact of medication labeling changes on brand pharmaceutical products, and whether and what firms do to respond to increased information regarding the safety and efficacy...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009325511

Pricing and Reimbursement in U.S. Pharmaceutical Markets

Berndt, Ernst R.; Newhouse, Joseph P. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

comment on very recent developments concerning the entry of large retailers such as Wal-Mart into domains traditionally …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008531891

Brand Loyalty, Generic Entry and Price Competition in Pharmaceuticals in the Quarter Century After the 1984 Waxman-Hatch Legislation

Berndt, Ernst R.; Aitken, Murray L. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2010

following initial generic entry and by 24 months to 65, in 2009 the comparable generic price indexes are 68 and 27, respectively … patent has expired. Across all nine therapeutic areas, at 24 months post-generic entry, the weighted mean reduction in …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008682661

Predation, Taxation, Investment and Violence: Evidence from the Philippines

Berman, Eli; Felter, Joseph; Kapstein, Ethan; Troland, Erin - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2013

This paper explores the relationship between investment and political violence through several possible mechanisms. Investment as a predictor of future violence implies that low private sector investment today provides a robust indicator of high violence tomorrow. "Rent-capture" or predation...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951034

From Empty Pews to Empty Cradles: Fertility Decline Among European Catholics

Berman, Eli; Iannaccone, Laurence R.; Ragusa, Giuseppe - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012

Catholic countries of Europe pose a demographic puzzle -fertility is unprecedentedly low (total fertility=1.3) despite low female labor force participation. We model three channels of religious effects on demand for children: through changing norms, reduced market wages, and reduced costs of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010951461

Predation, Taxation, Investment, and Violence: Evidence from the Philippines

Berman, Eli; Felter, Joseph; Kapstein, Ethan; Troland, Erin - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2012

The literature relating economic activity to political violence posits greedy rebels (Collier, 2000) but not greedy governments. Could capturing tax revenue motivate governments to step up their counter insurgency operations, just as extortion motivates rebel violence? Panel data on political...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011213894

Hamas, Taliban and the Jewish Underground: An Economist's View of Radical Religious Militias

Berman, Eli - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2003

Can rational choice modeling explain destructive behavior among the Taliban, Hama and other radical religious militias? This paper proposes a club good framework which emphasizes the function of voluntary religious organizations as efficient providers of local public goods in the absence of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005774419

Religion, Terrorism and Public Goods: Testing the Club Model

Berman, Eli; Laitin, David D. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2008

Can rational choice modeling explain why Hamas, Taliban, Hezbollah and other radical religious rebels are so lethal? The literature rejects theological explanations. We propose a club framework, which emphasizes the function of voluntary religious organizations as efficient providers of local...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005089125

Religious Extremism: The Good, The Bad, and The Deadly

Berman, Eli; Iannaccone, Laurence R. - National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - 2005

This paper challenges conventional views of violent religious extremism, particularly those that emphasize militant theology. We offer an alternative analysis that helps explain the persistent demand for religion, the different types of religious that naturally arise, and the special attributes...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005050424