differences between standard poverty and inequality measures based on observed income and measures that are calculated based on …This paper examines the measurement of social welfare, poverty and inequality taking into account reference … new notion of equivalent income, the income level with which the individual would be as well off, evaluated using a …

Two decades ago, 93% of the world’s poor lived in countries officially classified as Low Income (LICs). Now, 72% of the … world’s poor live in Middle Income Countries (MICs). The dramatic shift has been brought about by fast growth in a number of … global poor for many years to come. This “new geography of global poverty”—with the mass of the poor living in stable, non …

This paper traces the links from trade shocks to poverty in developing countries. It considers the determinants of … household and individual welfare (including potential differences between household members) and then identifies six trade-to-poverty …

income and thus reduces poverty has not changed; some suggest that this is not true for very poor countries, but this is not …This paper reviews key recent literature on the effects of trade liberalisation on poverty in developing countries and …

estimates of the impact of adjustment on poverty using household income and expenditure surveys currently available in LDCs. It … poverty. This framework does require, however, reasonably disaggregated data on income distribution. … proposes the use of decomposable poverty indices as a tractable vehicle for calculating the impact of adjustment on overall …