summarized as the very existence of unemployment generating political support for "sclerosis". This may help to explain the timid …

During the nineties, unemployment fell in a number of European countries while it remained high in others. This Paper … political constraints, the prevalence of ideology, and agency issues within those bureaucracies concerned with the unemployment … problem. Some speculative thoughts are offered as to why those factors might be more stringent in countries where unemployment …

We develop a theoretical nonlinear model of equilibrium unemployment and test its policy implications for a number of … OECD countries. The theory here sees the natural rate and the associated equilibrium path of unemployment as endogenous … demanding more or less social protection. The results from a dozen OECD economies appear to confirm a pattern of unemployment …

restricted conditions. Constitutional institutions might be necessary to incentivize explicit cooperation – the anti …

Institutions that serve the interests of an elite are often cited as an important reason for poor economic performance …. This paper builds a model of institutions that allocate resources and power to maximize the payoff of an elite, but where … any group that exerts sufficient fighting effort can launch a rebellion that destroys the existing institutions. The …

discussion includes the roles of institutions, interest groups and ideas in driving reform. …