This Paper presents a survey of the literature on trade liberalization and globalization. The questions are why trade liberalization occurred, why trade liberalization took the form of reciprocity combined with multilateralism, why the liberalization allows for protectionist policies, and why...

The increasing demands and expectations placed upon the Philippine bureaucracy by a redemocratizing society are further amplified by the strengthening of global institutional pressures emanating from organizations such as the World Trade Organization and the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation....