for both economic research and public policy is whether these innovations also increase employment or not (the question of … a double dividend). The purpose of this paper is to investigate empirically the factors affecting direct employment … different countries (Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Holland and Switzerland) we have obtained the following empirical results …

display lower levels of education, lower rates of self-employment and higher unemployment rates than natives and immigrants …

. Particular attention is given to Switzerland and Germany where there is a high degree of consensus forming mechanisms. These …

lower unemployment. Whether ‘work-sharing’ works – whether employment rises when hours per worker are reduced – is … standard hours, employment rose by 0.3–0.7%, but that total hours worked fell by 2–3%, implying possible output losses. As a … group, however, workers were better off as the wage bill rose. The employment growth implied by the mean standard hours …