We investigate the endogenous determination of contracts in competing vertical chains where upstream and downstream firms bargain first over the type of contract and then over the contract terms. Upstream firms always opt for non-linear contracts, which specify the input quantity and its total...

The first ever IEA market report dedicated to hydropower highlights the economic and policy environment for hydropower development, addresses the challenges it faces, and offers recommendations to accelerate growth and maintain the existing infrastructure. This report presents ten-year capacity...

Africa is projected to experience increasing climate hazards for the remainder of the 21st century, which are likely to pose a challenge to hydropower generation in Africa. To minimise the adverse effects of climate change, hydropower is needed to enhance Africa’s resilience to climate change....