paper is motivated by recent evidence that trade has greatly expanded on the extensive margin (aka fragmentation, offshoring …

Trade theory consists of a portfolio of models. What elements might be useful in modeling the offshoring of white … characteristics of offshoring, and then use those models to identify the effects of technological or institutional changes which allow … offshoring of white-collar services to occur. …

employment expansion, an effect quite different from the source of gains from trade in the conventional approach. Second, we show … workers at home and abroad. In an extension to our baseline model, we illustrate that offshoring production from the high …

product demand can affect employment under these conditions. The analysis suggests that the longer-term effectiveness of …

The paper analyzes a variety of government policies that can stimulate employment when unemployment is generated … may be ineffective. We show how supply side policies can stimulate employment by raising worker productivity or reducing … effect on employment unless these policies stimulate labor productivity, the entry of firms, capital utilization or …

negotiations. Wage and employment decisions are assumed to be made before business conditions are known; thus these decisions … effectiveness of various government policies on production, employment, and pricing. Hysteresis is shown to be a special case in a …