of the developing and newly industrializing economies shows that national systems of innovation have evolved keeping in … two essential characteristics of national innovation system that connects the users and producers of knowledge and also … rights on the other. How these arrangements have affected the national system of innovation both in the developed and …

the second scenario. Such conditions imply the existence of an inverse-U shaped relationship between innovation and …

IPR protection and innovation, but the evidence is stronger for developed countries than for developing countries. Thirdly …, the optimal level of IPR protection should tradeoff the social benefits of enhanced innovation against the social costs of …

We show that when the researcher’s (observable but not contractible) contribution to innovation is crucial, a covenant …

This study develops a Schumpeterian growth model to analyze the effects of different patent instruments on innovation …. We first analyze patent breadth that captures the traditional positive effect of patent rights on innovation. Then, we … assigned to incumbents reduces entrants' incentives for innovation. This aspect of blocking patents captures the recently …

This study develops an R&D-based growth model with vertical and horizontal innovation to shed some light on the current … debate on whether patent protection stimulates or stifles innovation. We analyze the effects of patent protection in the form … of blocking patents. We show that patent protection changes the direction of innovation by having asymmetric effects on …