We conduct a large-scale audit discrimination study to measure labor market discrimination across different minority … ethnic groups rather than focusing on a single minority as in most other studies. In all cases, we applied for entry … statistically significant differences in callback rates, suggesting that ethnic minority candidates would need to apply for more …

We test for gender discrimination by sending fake CVs to apply for entry-level jobs. Female candidates are more likely …

addition to earnings and productivity measures, we have information on outside offers and perceptions of discrimination. In … higher pay increases in response to outside offers. This may arise due to discrimination, and we find that perceptions of … discrimination and also outside job applications correlate with an individual receiving earnings below that expected, given their …