are much lower in Europe compared to North America, while employment-to-employment flows are similar in the two continents … US. Furthermore, using US data, we find that the discrimination against the unemployed increased over the 1980's in those …

intensities and discrimination (Becker 1957) due to an appearance-based employer disutility factor. Because these sources affect …’s disutility from certain workers, are identifiable using standard labour market survey data. We demonstrate identification using … data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Estimation of these parameters by matching moments from a sample of …

In this paper we look at the effects of immigration and trade with Eastern Europe on unemployment in Austria. Using … immigration effect on unemployment duration. Within almost all subgroups there is a significant increase in the length of … unemployment spells as a result of increased immigration. Increased trade with Central and East European Countries (CEECs) seems to …

We analyse the impact of increased immigration on labour market outcomes of natives in Germany using a dataset of … county-level variables for the late 1980s. We study two measures of immigration, the change in the share of foreigners … unemployment. Taking account of the mean reversion in unemployment we find no detrimental effect of immigration. Similar results …

The paper surveys recent analyses of rising unemployment in Europe based on the concept of the natural rate. It argues …

Unemployment in Europe is a worrying phenomenon not so much because it hits 18 million people, but because it almost …