Exploiting the Japanese banking crisis as a laboratory, we provide firm-level evidence on the real effects of bank … investors have similar effects. Moreover, bank mergers engineered to enhance bank stability appear to hurt the borrowers of the …

foreign bank lending on firm growth and financing. Foreign lending stimulates growth in firm sales, assets, and leverage, but … the effect is dampened for small firms. We also find that the most connected businesses benefit least from foreign bank …

dataset of international syndicated bank loans. We find that lead banks offer smaller loans at a higher interest rate to more …

Using a novel dataset that allows us to trace the primary bank relationships of a sample of mostly unlisted firms, we … explore which borrowers are able to benefit from foreign bank presence in emerging markets. Our results suggest that the … limits to financial integration are less tight than the static picture of bank-firm relationships implies. Even though …