We show that even in the absence of diminishing returns in production and technological spillovers, international trade leads to a stable world income distribution. This is because specialization and trade introduce de facto diminishing returns – countries that accumulate capital faster than...

The Paper examines the interactions between economic integration and population agglomeration in a middle product economy displaying neoclassical growth. There are two vertically-integrated economies. Each consists of a large number of final good competitive firms operating plants in both...

During Egypt's Arab Spring, unprecedented popular mobilization and protests brought down Hosni Mubarak's government and ushered in an era of competition between three groups: elites associated with Mubarak's National Democratic Party (NDP), the military, and the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood....