productivity. Education as well as innovation and production require skilled labour as inputs. This and the fact that learning …

firm's incentives for R&D. These changes influence the probability of innovation through two effects: changes in total R … shift from the rival firm to the dominant firm is a good thing as it decreases the likelihood of duplicate innovation (we … rights are strong. That is, firm dominance is good for innovation when (but only when) property rights are strong. We also …

potential suppliers generate and sell the most suitable innovation. Moreover, procurement by public agencies and large firms … the degree of competition between suppliers, as well as other more practical indirect ways to stimulate innovation. We … discuss the effects of standard setting activities by large, often public, procurers on innovation races. We evaluate how …

favourable for innovation incentives. This is consistent with empirical evidence, suggesting that countries with a more equal …

technical and a pecuniary externality resulting from the innovation process may generate multiple equilibria. Redistribution may …