WTO members are starting to consider whether and how to develop multilateral disciplines on competition policies. These … competition existing on member country markets. We argue in this paper that collection of simple measures of industrial structure … and import penetration would be useful in characterizing the 'conditions of competition' that prevail in an economy …

government regulation may reduce transaction costs, intensifying the competition associated with a given market structure, and we …

substitutability of market competition and private ownership in increasing firm efficiency. We analyse a simple Cournot model that … competition, and thus that competition only among state-owned enterprises may be ineffectual in stimulating them to increase …

product competition tends to increase the relative profitability of innovation for sale relative to entry. Increased … competition reduces entrants' and acquirers' profits in a similar fashion, but also reduces the profit of non-acquirers. Therefore …, incumbents' valuations of innovations are less negatively affected by increased competition than entrants' profits. This, in turn …

This Paper introduces optimal competition: the best form of competition in an industry that a competition authority can … competition outcome in an industry becomes more competitive as more money is spent in the industry, as the competition authority … puts less weight on producer surplus and more weight on employment. The relation between competition and entry costs is U …

trajectories for the production of a differentiated good. We find that competition in the market for technology induces licensing … of innovations, and that the number of licenses can be inefficiently large. A strong testable implication of our theory …

We examine the bid-ask quotes offered by specialists (or dealers) who face indirect competition from other specialists …