income transfers. We concentrate on the case of Hungary. We first survey recent developments in the economic circumstances of …

The majority of enterprises in China are controlled by local governments at the provincial, city, county, township and … lower-level governments of townships and villages in China. …

Soviet Republics of Russia and Ukraine. Exploiting annual manufacturing census data from 1985 to 2000, we find that Soviet … reforming Russia than in ‘gradualist’ Ukraine, as did the estimated effects of privatization and competitive pressures from …

This Paper documents and analyses gross job flows and their determinants in Ukraine using a unique dataset of more than … connection with other evidence we infer from this that Ukraine is only at the beginning of the restructuring process. The most …

Ukraine. Whether this divide was caused by purely ethnic differences or by ethnically segregated reform preferences is unknown …

employees. In the case of Ukraine, we find that public sector employees receive 24-32% less wages than their private sector … and find that the lower bound estimate of the extent of bribery in Ukraine is between 460m and 580m U.S. dollars (0 ….9-1.2% of Ukraine’s GDP in 2003). …

accords with economic principles. The authors explain how the `state' should be defined in Hungary, discuss the main forms of … research exercise!), further reform of the tax and public expenditure system, and extensive training of Hungary's public …

We investigate the effect of changes in unemployment insurance (UI) rules in Hungary on the outflow rate from the UI … register. Existing claims to UI are `grandfathered' in Hungary when UI rules change - new rules are applied only to new claims … unemployed in Hungary to be fairly inelastic to changes in UI benefits. …