innovation policy in the context of EU economic law (competition policy, intellectual property law, sector regulation). As such … law that moves beyond apparent conflicts and assumes innovation as the starting point. Taking this as the foundation, the … analytical grid to be used to identify ways in which economic law impacts innovation, and second an applied component that …

the hypothesis that innovation in pharmaceuticals is becoming more difficult and expensive over time, as costs of …This paper quantifies the relationship between market size and innovation in the pharmaceutical industry. We estimate … the elasticity of innovation, as measured by the number of new chemical entities appearing on the market for a given …

This paper looks at the genesis of innovation in the United States from a territorial perspective. The analysis aims to … disentangle the impact of local R&D expenditure from other contextual conditions supportive of the process of innovation …. Particular emphasis is devoted to the role of socio-economic factors and systems of innovation conditions (‘social filter …

Innovation is a crucial driver of urban and regional economic success. Innovative cities and regions tend to grow … small body of innovators gain relative to others, innovation may lead to inequality. The evidence on this point is … first comparative evidence on the link between innovation and inequality in a continental perspective. Using micro data from …

pharmaceuticals. We challenge this orthodox view and show, to the contrary, that the pace of innovation often is faster in a world …

creating an internal market for pharmaceuticals can be analysed. In a model of third-degree price discrimination, arbitrage … Market in pharmaceuticals are ambiguous, since a movement from segmented and price-controlled markets towards integrated …