This paper examines the sources of firm product and process innovation in Norway. It uses a purpose-built survey of …

the arguments presented also apply to Norway. The paper also discusses briefly, similar market solutions to problems …

and productivity growth is low. We apply our theory to the windfalls of Norway, Iraq and Ghana. The optimal size of Ghana …’s liquidity fund is tiny even with high prudence. Norway’s liquidity fund is bigger than Ghana’s. Iraq’s liquidity fund is …

Using a stochastic frontier model and a comprehensive dataset, we study factors that affect corporate efficiency in … efficiency, and (iii) high competition is less conductive to efficiency than moderate or low competition. In terms of ownership …, we find that (iv) efficiency increases when a majority owner must deal with minority shareholders and that (v) domestic …

shows that taxpayers are the main losers as subsidies are still needed. There are also serious efficiency-equity trade …