Societies socialize children about sex. This is done in the presence of peer-group effects, which may encourage … undesirable behavior. Parents want the best for their children. Still, they weigh the marginal gains from socializing their … children against its costs. Churches and states may stigmatize sex, both because of a concern about the welfare of their flocks …

-curricular activities, on children’s skill development. Our results indicate positive effects: school performance improves by 0.20 standard …

, raising children and home-making require parents' time, which could be substituted by services bought in the market such as … raise children and run their households, which enables them to have more children and work longer hours. Finally, we use our … services and enables U.S. women to have more children, spend less time on home production and work more than their European …

decrease in childlessness and an increase in the average number of children per woman. Our findings are robust to a number of …

administrative data for Germany for numerous birth cohorts across different regions. We use this model to analyze both the male …

Prior to 1996, Israelis in collective communities (kibbutzim) shared the costs of raising children equally. This paper …

Abstract U.S. fertility rose from a low of 2.27 children for women born in 1908 to a peak of 3.21 children for women … born in 1932. It dropped to a new low of 1.74 children for women born in 1949, before stabilizing for subsequent cohorts … with a theory of fertility featuring a trade-off between the quality and quantity of children. The analysis provides new …