with birth order, since mothers near or beyond their desired total fertility are more likely to make use of the … mirror those of breastfeeding with respect to gender and its interactions with birth order and ideal family size. Our results …Medical research indicates that breastfeeding suppresses post-natal fertility. We model the implications for …

(some forms of promoting condoms or marriage), the quantitative exercise suggests that these effects may increase HIV …Eleven percent of the Malawian population is HIV infected. Eighteen percent of sexual encounters are casual. A condom …

Across African countries, prevention policies are unrelated to the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and, even in countries in … public support for HIV/AIDS policies using the 2005 Afrobaremeter data. High prevalence rates translate into public support …

emissions related to transport are of smaller magnitude, roughly 3% in both periods. In a third exercise, we use linear …

poverty alleviation program began in 2001 which finances public investments in designated poor villages based on participatory … consumption of richer households by 6.1 to 9.2 percent. We also find suggestive evidence that governance matters in the …

whereby the initial schooling environment of Ethiopian children can be considered exogenous to their family background and … parental decisions. We examine the extent to which the initial elementary school environment affected the high school outcomes … the 1990s. The results show that the early school environment has an important effect on high school dropout and …

within schools, we use the immigrants' dates of birth as an instrument for their actual grade placement. The results suggest …