We identify in this Paper the level of trade integration between the three largest economic powers of the world, often … called the Triad: The United States, the EU and Japan. We focus on measuring possible asymmetries in market access between … members of the Triad using border effects between each of those partners. We investigate trends of bilateral trade openness …

. Results are presented for the United States, Japan, and an aggregate called "Europe" consisting of eleven European economies … indices for Japan and Europe. If anything, real wages in Europe and Japan were too flexible rather than too rigid, in the … sense that much of the increase in wage gap indices in Europe during 1968-70 and in Japan in 1973-74 can be interpreted as …

international trade in equity that encompasses complete and incomplete asset market scenarios. By separating asset prices and …

of the US trade balance. It employs a Bayesian structural VAR model that requires imposing only a minimum of economically … current account in the past, accounting for up to 30% of the movements of the US trade balance at a horizon of 20 quarters. By … the US trade balance. Our findings suggest that large exchange rate movements may not necessarily be the key element of an …