This paper studies the effects of changes in the internal market of the European Community in a partial equilibrium model of imperfect competition with economies of scale. The model is numerically calibrated to data on ten industries and the effects of two types of policy change are simulated....

In a closed competitive general equilibrium constant returns economy, consumer taxes separate consumer and producer prices of goods. Shadow prices appropriate for the evaluation of public sector projects are derived on alternative assumptions about what happens to taxes as public production...

The effects of `voluntary' export restrictions (VERs) on sales of Japanese cars to some European markets are studied in this paper, using a numerically calibrated model of quantitative trade restrictions in a market with imperfect competition and economies of scale. In this framework, the VER...

There are significant differences between the United States and Western Europe on policy towards East-West trade. Some of this is attributable to the divergent economic interests of different countries, but all countries' policies are influenced by political as well as economic considerations....

The radical liberalization of foreign trade in Central and Eastern Europe since 1989 has been a key part of the economic reform and has been accompanied by a full-scale geographical reorientation of international trade from East to West. Increased trade with the EU has been associated with...

This paper investigates the consequences of the completion of the internal market in the EC using a computable general equilibrium model of trade under imperfect competition. The focus of the paper is the welfare consequences of reducing trade barriers and the changes in production and trade...

In a competitive constant-returns small open economy world prices are the appropriate shadow prices for traded goods in public sector cost-benefit analysis. If there are at least as many factors of production as there are goods produced and traded, it is straightforward to derive...

This paper analyzes the effects of European Community trade policy towards the car market, in a formal model in which the motor industry is treated as an imperfectly competitive industry with economies of scale in production. Voluntary restrictions on exports of Japanese cars to Community...

We propose a new theory of systemic risk based on Knightian uncertainty (or "ambiguity"). We show that, due to uncertainty aversion, beliefs on future asset returns are endogenous, and bad news on one asset class induces investors to be more pessimistic about other asset classes as well. This...

Since the 2008 global financial crisis, and after decades of relative neglect, the importance of the financial system and its episodic crises as drivers of macroeconomic outcomes has attracted fresh scrutiny from academics, policy makers, and practitioners. Theoretical advances are following a...