Markups vary widely across industries and countries, their heterogeneity has increased overtime and asymmetric exposure … of markups affects resource misallocation and welfare in a general equilibrium framework encompassing a large class of … markups, may reduce welfare. Our approach is novel both in its generality and in the emphasis on the second moment of the …

markups. Using disaggregated data for EU manufacturing over the period 1988-2000 we find increased openness exerts a negative … and significant impact on sectoral prices. Increased openness lowers prices by both reducing markups and raising … productivity. In response to an increase in openness, markups show a steep short run decline, which partly reverses later, while …

markups cannot explain this strong significant link between destination market characteristics and the within-firm skewness of …

Researchers typically invoke theoretical assumptions to estimate mark-ups. Instead, we directly obtain mark-ups by … surveying Pakistani soccer-ball producers. We document six facts: (1) Mark-ups are more dispersed than costs; (2) Mark-ups and … increase with size because larger firms use higher-quality inputs; (5) Larger firms charge higher mark-ups because they have …