In this paper we analyse the relationship between gravity variables and f.o.b. export unit values using Hungarian firm …-product-destination data. By taking firm-product level selection into account we show that export unit values increase with distance even for … relationship between unit values and market size. We propose two possible explanations: first, firms may export different quality …

A gravity model is used to assess the separate effects of exchange rate volatility and currency unions on international … exchange rate volatility, even after controlling for a host of features, including the endogenous nature of the exchange rate …

This paper examines the sources of firm product and process innovation in Norway. It uses a purpose-built survey of …

the arguments presented also apply to Norway. The paper also discusses briefly, similar market solutions to problems …

liquidity fund is bigger if the windfall lasts longer and oil price volatility, prudence and the GDP share of oil rents are high … and productivity growth is low. We apply our theory to the windfalls of Norway, Iraq and Ghana. The optimal size of Ghana …’s liquidity fund is tiny even with high prudence. Norway’s liquidity fund is bigger than Ghana’s. Iraq’s liquidity fund is …

Using an RAS update to 1990 of an 86-sector input-output table for Hungary in 1986, and corresponding data on world … sectors are obtained under a variety of conditions. Hungary's trade relationships and constraints on trade make it uncertain … Hungary and the EC on Hungary's competitiveness, finding that some sectors will be strengthened, e.g. forestry, agriculture …

estimations of trade reorientation reveal that cost efficiency, export subsidy and foreign demand played important and varying …