A gravity model is used to assess the separate effects of exchange rate volatility and currency unions on international … exchange rate volatility, even after controlling for a host of features, including the endogenous nature of the exchange rate …

We identify in this Paper the level of trade integration between the three largest economic powers of the world, often … called the Triad: The United States, the EU and Japan. We focus on measuring possible asymmetries in market access between …

. Results are presented for the United States, Japan, and an aggregate called "Europe" consisting of eleven European economies … indices for Japan and Europe. If anything, real wages in Europe and Japan were too flexible rather than too rigid, in the … sense that much of the increase in wage gap indices in Europe during 1968-70 and in Japan in 1973-74 can be interpreted as …

particular, the US is essentially indifferent to exchange rate volatility in setting monetary policy, while the rest of the world … monetary policy in a world with a dollar standard, defined here as a environment in which all traded goods prices are set in US … places a high weight on exchange rate volatility. More importantly, in a Nash equilibrium of the monetary policy game between …

information aggregation leads to excess price volatility, over-valuation of shares in response to good news, and undervaluation in …

. The factor-model estimation also includes standard characteristics-based risk factors, and we explore mimicking portfolios …