Existing theories of pre-emptive war typically predict that the leading country may choose to launch a war on a … was Japan who launched a war against the West in 1941, not the West that pre-emptively attacked Japan. Similarly, many … have argued that trade makes war less likely, yet World War I erupted at a time of unprecedented globalization. This paper …

to a higher fraction of women working not only for the generation directly affected by the war, but also for the next …

We argue that one major cause of the U.S. postwar baby boom was the increased demand for female labour during World War … the one experienced by American women during wartime mobilization. For the war generation, the shock leads to a persistent … the war face increased labour-market competition, which impels them to exit the labour market and start having children …

Conventional wisdom in economic history suggests that conflict between countries can be enormously disruptive of … study the effects of war on bilateral trade for almost all countries with available data extending back to 1870. Using the …" costs of war, such as lost human capital, as illustrated by case studies of World War I and World War II. …

war starting in June 1940, fully 18 months before Pearl Harbor, in contrast to the widespread assumption in the previous …

states and growing divergence between European powers. In our model, the impact of war on the European state system depends … on: i) the importance of money for determining the war outcome (which stands for the cost of war), and ii) a country … of war. Initially, this caused more internally cohesive states to invest more in state capacity, while other (more …