, currently the world’s largest port. Shanghai began direct trade relations with western nations starting in 1843. By 1853 … destinations within an international trading system provides a meaningful approach to understanding the history of China’s trade. …

have argued that trade makes war less likely, yet World War I erupted at a time of unprecedented globalization. This paper …

, such as elections. We collect new data to document the presence of voluntary and social organizations and the history of …

ict forged a world economy in which neither tastes nor information are homogeneously distributed. Cultural difference and …

its cause? The conventional wisdom in the world history literature offers globalization as the answer: it alleges that …This Paper documents the size and timing of the world intercontinental trade boom following the great voyages in the …

of life deep into the 18th century. Does world market integration breed more or less commodity price volatility? The … answer is less. Three centuries of history show unambiguously that economic isolation caused by war or autarkic policy has … been associated with much greater commodity price volatility, while world market integration associated with peace and pro …

We illustrate the ongoing research line on Growth, History, and Institutions, which adds to economic growth analysis a …. We conclude with policy implications of the Growth, History, and Institutions research line. …