This paper analyses the geography of innovation in China and India. Using a tailor-made panel database for regions in … between the provinces and states within both countries are quite different. In China, the concentration of innovation is …. Innovative areas in China, rather than generate knowledge spillovers, seem to produce strong backwash effects. In India, by …

their sophistication. Banks can search for arguments of differing complexity against tighter regulation. Finding such … sophisticated a bank is, the more easily it can produce arguments that a regulator does not understand. Reputational concerns … regulation. Bank sophistication and reputational concerns of regulators lead to capture, and thus to worse regulatory decisions. …

The complexity resulting from intertwined uncertainties regarding model misspecification and mismeasurement of the … of robust policy guides aiming to maintain stability in the economy while recognizing this complexity. We document …

a model in which the venture capitalist can evaluate the entrepreneur’s project more accurately than the bank but can …

foreigners. We use a bank-level panel data set spanning all British and foreign banks providing loans within the United Kingdom …," domestic (British) loans of a bank expressed as a fraction of its total loan activity. We also study effective short …