initial racial gap in education and that slavery affects growth indirectly through this channel. …We study the evolution of racial educational inequality across US states from 1940 to 2000. We show that throughout … determined by the initial gap. We obtain these results with 2SLS estimates where slavery is used as an instrument for the initial …

-2000 period. Our main conclusion is that race, rather than political institutions and education policies, is the main force …-9), as well as the impact of voting registration on education outcomes at different points in time, namely in 1917 and in the … 1950s. Finally, we turn to the determinants of a broad array of development indicators for the year 1960 and for the 1960 …

, we find that the legacy of slavery does not affect current income per capita, but does affect current income inequality …. Moreover, we find that the impact of slavery on current income inequality is determined by racial inequality. We test three … alternative channels of transmission between slavery and inequality: a land inequality theory, a racial discrimination theory and …

previously unexploited dataset on voter registration by race covering the counties of Mississippi in 1896, shortly after the … majority represents a threat to the de facto power of white elites. Moreover, the effect of race becomes stronger after 1890 …

. Income inequality among households has also widened. A unified model of marriage, divorce, educational attainment and married … income inequality. …

workers with the same (observed) human capital but different appearance (race): unobserved productivity (skill), search …

crews to basketball games, and the number of repeated interactions allow us to convincingly test for own-race preferences … are called against players when they are officiated by an opposite-race refereeing crew than when officiated by an own-race …

of development. We document the following regularities. First, as countries develop, their productive structure moves … from more volatile to less volatile sectors. Second, the level of specialization declines with development at early stages …, and slowly increases at later stages of development. Third, the volatility of country- specific macroeconomic shocks falls …