adaptation and mitigation expenditures in a cost-effective setting in which countries cooperate to achieve a long … different adaptation modes (reactive and anticipatory), mitigation, and capacity building to analyse the optimal portfolio of … investments in mitigation followed by large adaptation expenditures a few decades later. Hence, the possibility to adapt does not …

that emerging economies can adopt in reacting to OECD countries’ mitigation effort, given the common long-term goal to …

magnitude of carbon leakage effects, likely to be induced by differences in climate mitigation policies, may be less than feared … in some circles. Trade policy, however, will play a role in implementing climate mitigation policies in two areas … initial mitigation would first take place unilaterally or in small groups, as under the early days of the GATT, is the most …