and applications include political groups, ethnicities, agents motivated by the work in the public sector and corruption … that patronage may be strictly positive in both of them. We also apply the second setting to the case of corruption. …

Government corruption is more prevalent in poor countries than in rich countries. This paper uses cross …-industry heterogeneity in growth rates within Vietnam to test empirically whether growth leads to lower corruption. We find that it does. We … results suggest that as poor countries grow, corruption could subside …

This paper investigates the effect of corruption on competition in government procurement auctions. Our assumption is … corruption is to facilitate collusion in price between firms. This can result in high public spending and inefficient allocation … which unilateral anti-corruption controls may restore price competition. …

when designing anti-corruption policy. …

Accurate citizen perceptions of corruption are crucial for the political process to effectively restrain corrupt … corruption in a road-building project in their village with a more objective measure of `missing expenditures' in the project. I … between corruption in a particular road project and general corruption in the village. The magnitude of their information …

The paper studies the effect of additional government revenues on political corruption and on the quality of … implications of the theory and identify the causal effect of larger federal transfers on political corruption and the observed … transfers increase political corruption and reduce the quality of candidates for mayor. …

. We show that corruption opportunities are lower under centralization at each period of time. However, centralization … makes more difficult for citizens to detect corrupt incumbents. Thus, corruption is easier under centralization for low …

We study the emergence and interaction of red tape and corruption in a principal-bureaucrat-agent hierarchy. The … the social optimum if the bureaucrat in charge of red tape is corrupt. We consider two types of corruption. First, the … bribes to conceal the information produced through red tape. The former kind of corruption tends to reduce red tape, while …