We explore the relationship between innovation activity, productivity, and exports using a panel of Spanish … manufacturing firms for 1990-1998. Our results - based on non-parametric tests - suggest that firm innovation status is important in … innovation seems to explain the positive association between exports and productivity for this group of firms. For small non …

Child labor is often condemned as a form of exploitation. I explore how the notion of exploitation, as used in everyday … language, can be made precise in economic models of child labor. Exploitation is defined relative to a specific social welfare … distinctions that common usage of the term exploitation allows. I resolve this conflict by introducing a welfare function with …

We analyze the relationship between firm-level innovation activities and firms’ propensity to start exporting for firms … in a small open economy. We measure innovation by innovative effort (R&D) as well as by innovative output (product and … process innovation). After carefully correcting for endogeneity and selection issues, the evidence points to firms self …

This Paper is an empirical study on the existence of complementarity between product and process innovation. We present … an econometrically feasible model that uses the information contained in the innovation profile of each firm to test for … the existence of complementarity among production and innovation strategies. We apply the model to analyse the Spanish …

competition. Firms have an incentive to invest in both process innovation and product innovation. The optimal division between … proportion of R&D investment is driven more to product innovation than under R&D competition. It can be shown that welfare is …

While innovation is argued to create value, private incentives of firms to innovate are driven by what part of the … value created firms can appropriate. In this paper we explore the relation between innovation and the markups a firm is able ….1% points by shifting out demand and increasing prices. Process innovation increases markups by 3.8% points due to incomplete …

individual level, examining the relationship between religiosity and a broad set of pro- or anti-innovation attitudes in all five … waves of the World Values Survey (1980 to 2005). We thus relate eleven indicators of individual openness to innovation … innovation. …