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relatively stable democracy to autocracy and 6 episodes of small improvements in representative institutions. We also classify …, trade openness and proxies of early institutions. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005114314
institutions, and are robust to the use of alternative data and estimation techniques. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011083424
We revisit one of the central empirical findings of the political economy literature that higher income per capita causes democracy. Existing studies establish a strong cross-country correlation between income and democracy, but do not typically control for factors that simultaneously affect...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005666490
Is social capital long lasting? Does it affect long term economic performance? To answer these questions we test Putnam’s conjecture that today marked differences in social capital between the North and South of Italy were due to the culture of independence fostered by the free city-states...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005789085
This paper revisits and critically re-evaluates the widely-accepted modernization hypothesis which claims that per capita income causes the creation and the consolidation of democracy. We argue that existing studies find support for this hypothesis because they fail to control for the presence...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005661513
This paper aims to show that culture is an important determinant of the effectiveness of formal democratic institutions … elections. These results support the view that social capital complements democratic institutions such as elections. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011213313
-2000 period. Our main conclusion is that race, rather than political institutions and education policies, is the main force …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009321839
. Active pre-1800 parliaments also enhanced the quality of democratic institutions in the nineteenth and early twentieth …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008530357
a major role in the determination of this historical event, but that the quality of institutions also mattered. We … evaluate separately the impact of political institutions linked to democracy and suffrage and of those institutions more … find that both sets of institutions contributed to this event, even after controlling for their potential endogeneity …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005124196
public office, institutions to encourage elected officials to keep their campaign promises are weak, and competition for …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005136612